Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that has been mined and used for its heat resistance, durability, and insulating properties. It was commonly used in building materials such as insulation, roofing sheets, ceiling tiles, and floor and ceiling vinyl. Asbestos products were widely used in the UK before the 1990s.

Despite its benefits, asbestos has been linked to serious health risks, including lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma when inhaled in its fibers form. Asbestos can be harmful when disturbed or damaged, which can release the fibers and cause them to be inhaled.