Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was commonly used in building materials between the 1950s and 1990s in the UK. It was favoured as an insulation material, as it has fire-retardant properties and is strong, flexible, and resistant to heat and chemicals. However, it was later discovered to be a carcinogen, causing serious health risks to those who had prolonged exposure to it.

Asbestos exposure can cause a range of health problems, including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. These diseases take years to develop, so many people who were exposed to asbestos in the past may not know they are at risk of asbestos-related diseases until they become symptomatic.