Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was commonly used for its heat-resistant properties in the 20th century. Asbestos was used in building materials such as insulation, roofing, wallboards, and floor tiles. When asbestos fibers are inhaled, they can cause serious health problems such as lung cancer, asbestosis and mesothelioma.

The use of asbestos in the United Kingdom was banned in 1999, but many buildings still contain asbestos. The danger of asbestos exposure is highest when the asbestos-containing materials are disturbed, such as during renovation or demolition. That is why asbestos testing is important, especially in older buildings.