Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in construction and manufacturing until the 1980s. It was valued for its heat resistance, durability, and insulation properties. However, it was later discovered that asbestos fibers can cause lung cancer, mesothelioma, and other serious health problems when inhaled. As a result, the use of asbestos in new products and construction projects has been banned in many countries, including the UK.

Despite the ban, many buildings constructed before the ban still contain asbestos-containing materials (ACMs). These materials can include insulation, flooring, roofing, pipes, and more. ACMs that are in good condition and undisturbed pose little risk. However, when these materials are damaged or disturbed, they can release asbestos fibers into the air where they can be inhaled.