Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was commonly used in building materials such as insulation, roofing, floor tiles, and cement. Before the 1980s, asbestos products were widely used in homes, offices, schools, and other public buildings due to their low cost, durability, and resistance to heat and fire.

However, asbestos is now known to be one of the most dangerous substances in the world, causing a range of respiratory diseases including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Asbestos fibers can be released into the air when ACMs are disturbed, such as during renovation, demolition, or maintenance. Once inhaled, these fibers can lodge in the lungs and remain there for decades, causing chronic lung diseases and even death.